Why home environment matters for Asthma
Indoor housing factors are causally implicated in asthma onset and exacerbation. Damp and visible mould double the risk of childhood asthma. Indoor allergens (house-dust mite, pet dander, cockroach) drive sensitisation and exacerbation in atopic individuals. Inadequate ventilation raises CO2 and humidity, encouraging mould and dust-mite proliferation. Cold homes (under 18°C in winter) cause bronchoconstriction and exacerbate established asthma. Combustion sources (open fires, gas hobs in unvented kitchens) raise NO2 and PM2.5, both implicated in childhood asthma incidence in landmark UK and European cohort studies.
UK prevalence: Approximately 5.4 million people in the UK receive treatment for asthma (around 1 in 12 adults, 1 in 11 children). The UK has one of the highest asthma death rates in Europe, with around 1,200 asthma deaths annually.